The Basics of Grammar(Parts of speech)

1. Parts of Speech

A.      Noun

B.      Pronoun

C.      Adjective

D.      Verb

E.       Adverb

F.       Preposition

G.     Conjunction

H.      Interjection

  

A)  Noun:
      A noun Is the name of anything in particular or in general. Different kinds of nouns with e.g. are as  
      follows –

        I.            Proper noun – Ganesh, New York, Egypt, Titanic

      II.            Common Noun – police, cat, pen, house

    III.            Abstract Noun – kindness, truth, sleep, death

    IV.            Collective Noun – crowd, army jury, fleet

      V.            Material Noun – gold, oil, water, milk

B)  Pronoun:
      A pronoun is a word used instead of a noun or a noun phrase. Different kinds of pronoun with  
      examples are as follows –

        I.            Personal pronoun – I, me, he she it they

      II.            Reflexing or emphasizing pronoun – myself, yourself, herself, itself

    III.            Relative pronoun – who, which, that, as

    IV.            Demonstrative pronoun – this, that, so, such, the former, the latter

      V.            Interrogative pronoun – who, which, what

    VI.            Indefinite pronoun – some, any one, they all, whole, something

  VII.            Distributive pronoun – each, either, every, neither

VIII.            Reciprocal pronoun – each other, one another

C)  Adjective:
     An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. Different kinds of adjectives with examples
     are as follows –

        I.            Descriptive adjective or adjective of quality – large, honest, foolish, English (language), French (wine), Turkish (Tobacco)

      II.            Adjectives of quantity – some, much, little, enough, all, any, sufficient

    III.            Adjective of number – thirteen, few, no, many, first, several, all

    IV.            Demonstrative adjective – this, that, these, those, such

      V.            Interrogative adjective – what, which, whose

    VI.            Possessive adjective – my, your, his, her, their

D)  Verb:
       A verb says what a person or thing does, and can describe.  E.g.
       an action – run, hit,                                  a state – be, have, seem, appear,
       an event – rain, happen,                       a change – become, grow

E)  Adverb:
      An adverb is a word which modifies the meaning of a verb, an adjective or another adverb. Following
      are the kinds of adverbs with examples

1. Adverbs of time (when) – now, before, late(ly), daily, already, yesterday
2. Adverbs of frequency (how often) – twice, often, again, frequently, seldom, always
3. Adverbs of place (where) – here, there, up, in, within, away, out, backward
4. Adverbs of manner (how/in what manner) – well, hard, thus, clearly, ………..ly,
5. Adverbs of degree/quantity (what degree/extent) – too, almost, fully, very, enough, rather, partly
6. Adverbs of affirmation or negation – surely, certainly, yes, no, not
7. Adverbs of reason – hence, therefore, why(for what reason)

F)  Preposition:
      A preposition is a word that shows position and direction of a noun or pronoun. Simple prepositions
      are as follows - 

A	At	By	Off	Throughout
About	Before	Despite	Over	Under
Above	Behind	Down	Round	Until
After	Beneath	For	Since	Up
Against	Beside	From	Past	Upon
Along	Besides	In(to)	Than	Unto
Amid(st)	Between	Inside	Till	With
Around	Beyond	On(to)	Toward(s)	within
Among(st)	But	Of	Through	without

G)  Conjunction:
       A conjunction is a word which joins words or sentences. E.g. – and, but, for, or, nor, either……or,
       neither…….nor, otherwise.

1. Conjunction of time – come when you like.
2. Conjunction of cause – Tell me why you are late.
3. Conjunction of manner – Tell me how you did it.
4. Conjunction of place – We found him where we had left him.

H)  Interjection:
      An Interjection is a word which shows exclamation (feelings and emotions). E.g. – Hurrah!, Oh!, Ah!,
      Alas!, Ho!, Hello!, Bravo!, Welcome!